underpinning See underpin

underpin v
1. support from beneath
2. support with evidence or authority or make more certain or confirm; "The stories and claims were born out by the evidence" [syn: corroborate, bear out, support] [also: underpinning, underpinned]

Underpinning \Un"der*pin`ning\, n.
1. The act of one who underpins; the act of supporting by stones, masonry, or the like.
2. (Arch.) (a) That by which a building is underpinned; the material and construction used for support, introduced beneath a wall already constructed. (b) The foundation, esp. of a frame house. [Local, U. S.]

Underpin \Un`der*pin"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Underpinned; p. pr. & vb. n. Underpinning.]
1. To lay stones, masonry, etc., under, as the sills of a building, on which it is to rest.
2. To support by some solid foundation; to place something underneath for support.

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In construction, underpinning is the process of strengthening and stabilizing the foundation of an existing building or other structure. Underpinning may be necessary for a variety of reasons:

Underpinning is accomplished by extending the foundation in depth or in breadth so it either rests on a more supportive soil stratum or distributes its load across a greater area. Use of micropiles and jet grouting are common methods in underpinning. An alternative to underpinning is the strengthening of the soil by the introduction of a grout. All of these processes are generally expensive and elaborate.

Underpinning may be necessary where P class (problem) soils in certain areas of the site are encountered.

Through semantic change the word underpinning has become to encompass all abstract concepts that serve as a foundation.

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