apply v
1. put into service; make work or employ (something) for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; "use your head!"; "we only use Spanish at home"; "I can't make use of this tool"; "Apply a magnetic field here"; "This thinking was applied to many projects"; "How do you utilize this tool?"; "I apply this rule to get good results"; "use the plastic bags to store the food"; "He doesn't know how to use a computer" [syn: use, utilize, utilise, employ]
2. be pertinent or relevant or applicable; "The same laws apply to you!"; "This theory holds for all irrational numbers"; "The same rules go for everyone" [syn: hold, go for]
3. ask (for something); "He applied for a leave of absence"; "She applied for college"; "apply for a job"
4. apply to a surface; "She applied paint to the back of the house"; "Put on make-up!" [syn: put on]
5. be applicable to; as to an analysis; "This theory lends itself well to our new data" [syn: lend oneself] [ant: defy]
6. give or convey physically; "She gave him First Aid"; "I gave him a punch in the nose" [syn: give]
7. avail oneself to; "apply a principle"; "practice a religion"; "use care when going down the stairs"; "use your common sense"; "practice non-violent resistance" [syn: practice, use]
8. ensure observance of laws and rules; "Apply the rules to everyone"; [syn: enforce, implement] [ant: exempt]
9. refer (a word or name) to a person or thing; "He applied this racial slur to me!"
10. apply oneself to; "Please apply yourself to your homework" [also: applied]

Apply \Ap*ply"\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Applied; p. pr. & vb. n. Applying.] [OF. aplier, F. appliquer, fr. L. applicare to join, fix, or attach to; ad + plicare to fold, to twist together. See Applicant, Ply.]

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In mathematics and computer science, Apply is a function that applies functions to arguments. It is central to programming languages derived from lambda calculus, such as LISP and Scheme, and also in functional languages. In particular, it has a role in the study of the denotational semantics of computer programs, by virtue of the fact that it is a continuous function on complete partial orders.

In category theory, Apply is important in Cartesian closed categories, (and thus, also in Topos theory), where it is a universal morphism, right adjoint to currying.

In computer programming, apply applies a function to a list of arguments. Eval and apply are the two interdependent components of the eval-apply cycle, which is the essence of evaluating Lisp, described in SICP.

Apply is also the name of a special function in many languages, which takes a function and a list, and uses the list as the function's own argument list, as if the function were called with the elements of the list as the arguments. This is important in languages with variadic functions, because this is the only way to call a function with an indeterminate (at compile time) number of arguments.

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